Eczema and dermatitis are terms that are used synonymously. They are particular inflammatory skin conditions that are the end result of a number of different stimuli. They can be due to ingested substances causing food intolerance, or due to contact with an irritant, contact dermatitis. The condition causes a reddening, dryness and scaling of the skin that can progress to painful cracking and may become infected. This leads to pus filled blisters, ulcers and splits in the skin. Itching is often severe.

It can occur symmetrically especially in children affecting the face and trunk or in the folds of armpits and elbows or behind the knees. It can also occur as cradle cap that is a thick, scaly layer on the head of infants, or in adults on the hands, arms and trunks, and on the head as "scurf", more properly known as seborrheic dermatitis.

The appearances of eczema/dermatitis are widely variable and can have many causes.

Scabies should always be considered when the rash affects the hand, especially around the wrist. It which is caused by a small burrowing mite and needs adequate medical treatment. Scabies treatments involve painting on a locally active insecticide.

It is important that any skin problem that lasts over four weeks, or is associated with pus or blistering is seen by a doctor for diagnosis.

Eczema Treatments

Modern Western Medicine

Creams containing steroids include Betnovate, Hydrocortisone 1%, and Calmurid HC. There are many others. They dampen the reaction in the skin but do not cure the underlying problem. They can cause problems if used for long periods or if very potent, for shorter periods.

Tablets to reduce itchiness include antihistamines such as Zirtek and Piriton, these may cause drowsiness and should be used with caution if driving.